M.W. 3582.1
Ala – Thr – Cys – Tyr – Cys – Arg – Thr – Gly – Arg – Cys – Ala – Thr – Arg – Glu – Ser – Leu – Ser – Gly – Val – Cys – Glu – Ile – Ser – Gly – Arg – Leu – Tyr – Arg – Leu – Cys – Cys – Arg
Antimicrobial Peptide in Paneth Cells
Alpha-Defensin-5 (HD-5) is expressed in Paneth cells in intestinal epithelium, thus, falls into a distinct subclass of human alpha-Defensin. The in vivo role of HD-5 was studied in transgenic mouse models injected by an HD-5 minigene, confirming that HD-5 expression was specific to Paneth cells and resulted in resistance to bacterial challenge. In patients with HIV related cryptosporidiosis, HD-5 immunoreactivity was reduced. In inflammatory bowel disease, HD-5 was expressed in metaplastic Paneth cells in the colon. These evidences together point to HD-5 as an essential factor in the defense against intestinal inflammation.
HNP-1 and HNP-3, as well as HD-5, should be valuable tools to clarify the function and mechanism of innate immunity in human beings.
New flow cytometric studies: α-defensin-5 and α-defensin-1 where identified as inhibitors of pertussis toxin.
Synthetic Product (disulfide bonds between Cys3-Cys31, Cys5-Cys20 and Cys10-Cys30)
References:
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2. M.E. Selstedt, S.S.L. Harwig, T. Ganz, J.W. Schilling and R.I. Lehrer, J. Clin. Invest., 76, 1436 (1985) (Original; Structure of HNP 1-3)
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7. D.E. Jones and C.L. Bevins, J. Biol. Chem., 267, 23216 (1992) (Original; human alpha-Defensin-5)
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